Nursing Foundations · Equipment & linen
Ophthalmoscopedefinition
Handheld instrument with a lens dial and light source to examine the interior of the eye — retina, optic disc and blood vessels.
in simple words: For routine eye assessment and retinal changes of diabetes and hypertension.
Otoscope
Arthroscope
Equipment & Linen · Nursing Foundations
Thermometers
| Type | Key features |
|---|---|
| Disposable | Plastic strip with chemical dots changing colour; 35.5–40.4°C; single use. |
| Alcohol | Glass tube with coloured alcohol. |
Equipment & Linen · Nursing Foundations
Linen types
Bed sheets, curtains and table cloths are household or institutional linen, while a shirt is personal apparel. Hospital linen and personal clothing are handled and laundered separately to prevent cross-contamination and to respect patient dignity and property.
Draw sheetdefinition
A standard hospital draw sheet measures about 150 cm long by 110 cm wide.
in simple words: It protects the central part of the bed and provides a secure handhold for repositioning patients, reducing friction and nurse musculoskeletal injury.
Stretchers
| Type | Key feature |
|---|---|
| Utile stretcher | Folds at the middle via hinges on its long poles, halving its length for compact storage. |
| Scoop (orthopaedic) stretcher | Separates lengthwise into two halves to lift a patient without rolling them. |
| Pole and canvas stretcher | Has rigid poles and folds lengthwise by bringing the two poles together; does not fold from the middle. |